Hexi Corridor has been investigated by many researchers as a focal region due to its unique ecological environment and climatic characteristics，in order to learn more about it，a preliminary introduction and some analysis on its climatic and hydrological characteristics as well as the changes of ecological environment are given out in this paper. Results are as follows：（1）There are some obvious regional differences in the effect of global climate change on temperature and precipitation in Hexi arid region；（2）In the influence of climate change，the surface runoff of Shiyang river in the east of the region is decreasing continually while that of Heihe river and Shulehe river in the central and western part of the region rising from 1950s ，and it is also predicted that the runoff of Shiyang river will be decreasing，but that of Shulehe river will be increasing；（3）The local ecological environment has been deteriorated due to climate changing and inconsequential human activities，especially in the lower reaches of the inland rivers；（4）As water resource is the essence of the formation and evolution of the oasis，the key point of the oasis sustainable development is to distribute and use water resource properly and protect water quality，at the same time ，other water resource supplement countermeasures should be adopted.

Based on meteorological data and social - economy data，the paper analyzed the characteristic of meteorological disasters occurred in Gansu province，the fact of climate change during recent 50 years was also observed. The results show that the ecological environment has been significantly affected by global warming and unreasonable human activities in Gansu province. The adaptive policies of climate change and sustainable development were also discussed in the paper.

By using the data of monthly surface runoff of Shule，Heihe and Xiying rivers，and spring wheat yields in Zhangye，Jiuquan
and Wuwei regions more than 40 years，the impacts of the surface runoff of inland rivers on the spring wheat yields in Hexi region
were analyzed.The results show that the spring wheat yieldis increasing fluctuatly due to the development of irrigation，agricultural
technology and improved variety，additionally，it’s also impacted by the source of irrigation.The difference of runoff in spring could
lead to annual fluctuation of spring wheat yield，short-term fluctuation of annual runoff impacts on yield is small butlong-term
fluctuation is larger，especially the long tendency of runoff in spring decides measuring the amount of water inreservoirs，so it shows
that agricultural production is impacted by climate change.

The annual precipitation variable characteristics andproduction structure were analyzed using a hundred years annual data of
precipitation in the main bo勿of arid and semi一arid area ,in Central Asia and northwest of China The results indicated that the patial distribution and time evolution of annual precipitation in this area not only show unitary features .but also unique feature.  In addition .a successful readjusted example of production structure was raised based on the analysis of rainfall characteristics in this area.